The Learning Styles of Prospective Biology Teachers at Islamic University in Indonesia

Annotation. The aim of this study was to investigate the learning styles of prospective biology teachers in Islamic universities (PBTs-IU) in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic. 195 PBTs-IU were surveyed by using the Felder-Silverman Learning Style instruments. The results show that in online learning PBTs-IU practice and like dimensions of learning styles, such as in active – social oriented learning, in sensing – existing ways, concrete material, careful with details, in visual – pictures, and in sequential – sequential progress. © 2023, Vilnius Pedagogical University. All rights reserved.

Research on the Impact of Online Learning on Individual Learning Styles

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced a complete lifestyle change. All educational institutions switched to distance training as swiftly as possible. This study engages in analyzing the change of degree of students' assimilation of the learning material in distance learning environment. A comparative analysis of the evaluation points obtained from electronic-based tests used for the semester exam is performed. The results achieved by the students for the individual types of questions and answers were examined. In conclusion, suggestions are made on how to modify electronic tests to cover different types of students, according to their individual learning abilities.

The use of Deep Learning techniques in E-Learning systems and MOOCs

E-Learning and Massive Open Online Courses are old techniques, but since the Coronavirus, they have become more popular again. Students already suffer from a lack of concentration and motivation in traditional courses;thus, this lack affects online courses. Furthermore, another important Online Learning systems problem is the difference between learners in terms of Learning Styles, abilities, social characteristics as well as preferences, background, and other psychological and mental features. Generally, these features are not taken into account by scientists. Therefore, Deep Learning techniques and Datasets have been used to improve E-Learning systems and MOOCs in several aspects such as: predicting dropout, Learning Styles and performance of online learners, and even their attention after taking an online course. In this work, we have studied and analyzed many recent works in the area of using Deep Learning techniques to improve Online Learning systems and MOOCs. This analysis shows what researchers rely on to improve E-Learning and MOOCs and demonstrates that research does not use the definition of the appropriate Learning Style frequently. However, the most used ones are dropout and performance of learners. In another hand, learners' attention is still gap. © 2022 IEEE.

Effective Conduction of Laboratory Courses in Online Learning using Virtual Lab

In the Covid 19 pandemic, education shifted from offline to online, impacting a lot of technical education. The online theory courses were conducted effectively, but there were a lot of problems the faculty faced in conducting laboratory courses. This problem includes an ineffective demonstration of lab experiments, difficulty in time management, monitoring, and assessment, inability to tackle the issues of various students' learning styles, and unavailability of a common platform for online lab conduction. In technical education, the lab course plays a vital role. We found that a virtual laboratory is the best solution to address these issues. Many virtual labs are available for programming courses but need a customized Virtual lab for core courses. In this paper, we have carried out 16 surveys through Google forms to get inputs/feedback from faculties and students to get difficulties in online lab conduction and how we can make the best use of virtual labs online to conduct the lab experiment online mode. We designed and created the virtual laboratory for the Computer Networks Lab course with various learning materials, including theory, simulation videos, pre-test & post-test, and the procedure to conduct the lab experiment, which benefited the students. The implemented virtual lab found more effective. We found the significant impact on the result of CN Lab after using the customized virtual lab for CN Lab course. © 2022, Rajarambapu Institute Of Technology. All rights reserved.

Hybrid analysis of the learner's online behavior based on learning style

Since the covid pandemic, universities propose online education to ensure learning continuity. However, the insufficient preparation led to a major drop in the learner's performance and his/her dissatisfaction with the learning experience. This may be due to several reasons, including the insensitivity of the virtual learning environment to the learner's preferences. We propose to address the issue of student's dissatisfaction and lack of interaction, by integrating learning style theory into the analysis of the learner's online behavior. Our work differentiates itself from the rest of researches that employed learning style theory by its two step process. First, we classify the learning activities into learning categories based on learning style theory. Second, we define behavioral features that quantify the learner's behavior across the learning categories. The analysis of the learner's online behavior based on the behavioral features revealed new aspects of the learner's preferences. We consider these findings to be best useful for developing learning style-sensitive adaptive learning environments. Nevertheless, the behavioral features could be beneficial in different contexts. In fact, when applied to course outcome prediction, the behavioral features enhanced the results by 10%. The latter indicates that behavioral features reflected the correlation between behavior and academic performance. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

How Older Adults Learn Medical Instruction: A Narrative Review of Health Literacy Skills and Learning Styles among Older Adults

Not only is aging a risk factor for a wide range of conditions, but it is also difficult to manage and educate older people. Patient education, including that for older adults, is important for achieving positive health outcomes. The COVID-19 pandemic, which affects older adults disproportionately, necessitates the use of telemedicine or digital medicine, as well as patient self-management. Telemedicine and self-care management, on the other hand, is heavily reliant on a person's level of health literacy. As a result, a narrative review of literature on older adults' literacy skills and learning styles is conducted to better understand how they comprehend and process health-related information. According to the findings of this study, tailored medical education that takes into account older adults' learning styles and literacy skills improve overall health outcomes among this population.

AI-based adaptive personalized content presentation and exercises navigation for an effective and engaging E-learning platform.

Effective and engaging E-learning becomes necessary in unusual conditions such as COVID-19 pandemic, especially for the early stages of K-12 education. This paper proposes an adaptive personalized E-learning platform with a novel combination of Visual/Aural/Read, Write/Kinesthetic (VARK) presentation or gamification and exercises difficulty scaffolding through skipping/hiding/ reattempting. Cognitive, behavior and affective adaptation means are included in developing a dynamic learner model, which detects and corrects each student's learning style and cognitive level. As adaptation targets, the platform provides adaptive content presentation in two groups (VARK and gamification), adaptive exercises navigation and adaptive feedback. To achieve its goal, the platform utilizes a Deep Q-Network Reinforcement Learning (DQN-RL) and an online rule-based decision making implementation. The platform interfaces front-end dedicated website and back-end adaptation algorithms. An improvement in learning effectiveness is achieved comparing the post-test to the pre-test in a pilot experiment for grade 3 mathematics curriculum. Both groups witnessed academic performance and satisfaction level improvements, most importantly, for the students who started the experiment with a relatively low performance. VARK group witnessed a slightly more improvement and higher satisfaction level, since interactive activities and games in the kinesthetic presentation can provide engagement, while keeping other presentation styles available, when needed.

Impact of social media on learning English language during the COVID-19 pandemic

Purpose: This research shows how social media has affected learning at present during the COVID-19 pandemic and how it has become the largest and most convenient area of communication. In the current scenario, it seems that social networking sites not only had a profound impact on our social structure and intra-social interaction, but also affected education in general and learning English language in particular. It has been proven that these various social media platforms have created a realm of digital environment in today's new-age learning. Social media platforms are social networking sites through which people interact and communicate with each other easily and conveniently. Undoubtedly and unquestionably, social networking has been proven to be a global phenomenon that has caused a vast paradigm shift in the world of Learning and education during the current pandemic. Therefore, the present study aims to reach the extent of the impact of the various social media platforms on learning English language during the COVID-19 pandemic from the students' point of view. Design/methodology/approach: The study was conducted at the undergraduate level for English language learners. The sample comprised 166 undergraduate students at Najran University. A survey questionnaire was administered to find out the impact of various social media platforms and social networking sites on learning English language in the academic year of 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and to highlight possible suggestions for improving future virtual language learning. Findings: The findings of the study contributed to the area of online learning of English language during the COVID-19 pandemic. Final results confirmed that the utilization of social media has been significantly perceived to have positively impacted learning English language in terms of writing style, reading skills, listening and lexical variation, communication skills and grammar usage. Practical implications: The findings of the study can serve as fundamental indicators to implement prompt pedagogical reformations, for which a number of pedagogical implications can be proposed. Another equally important pedagogical implication is to design and provide professional development and training sessions to both students and educators on the ultimate utilization of social media as instructional technologies in the context of English language teaching and learning. Originality/value: This research provides insights in developing policies to assist with the integration and utilization of social media platforms as instructional technologies in the context of English language teaching and learning and how institutions can respond to the advent of advancing technology, especially during and after the COVID-19 era. A model to improve online English language learning process is recommended as a guideline for all educators offering online learning. © 2022, Muneera Muftah.

MODIFICATION OF K-MEANS AND K-MODE ALGORITHMS TO ENHANCE THE PERFORMANCE OF CLUSTERING STUDENT LEARNING STYLES IN THE LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

During the Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic, many access to learning used the e-learning system through the Learning Management System (LMS) platform. One of the weaknesses of the learning process through e-learning is that it cannot detect student learning styles based on actual behavior patterns during online learning. Most of the methods used to study automatic detection techniques use classification methods. One of the weaknesses of the classification method is the determination of class labels, so a learning style detection model was developed using the concept of clustering before classification to produce class labels with a high level of validation. This study focuses on increasing the validity of the clustering method by comparing the performance of the modified K-Means and K-Mode algorithms. The proposed modification of the two algorithms is carried out at the initial centroid determination stage. The performance of the two modified algorithms was carried out by measuring the validation values of the Davies-Bouldin Index (DBI) and Silhouette Index (SI) using log file data from 88 students taking computer programming courses. The validation results of the DBI and SI values indicate that the proposed model has better performance when implemented in the K-Mode algorithm than the K-Means algorithm. © 2023 ICIC International.

An Integrative Review: Application of Digital Learning Media to Developing Learning Styles Preference

The future of online learning or cybergogy known by several terms, such as blended learning, flipped classroom, or hybrid is something that cannot be avoided. This compelling situation is not due to the COVID-19 pandemic alone but has become a necessity for every student from school to higher education. This article aims to analyze and explain understanding in education related to the concept of "digital media", and all student responses including "learning styles", and related concepts, by reviewing, and synthesizing the literature using in an integrative review. A total of 154 qualitative and quantitative articles published between 2000 and 2020 were reviewed. Based on the inclusion analysis, 25 articles reveal things related to "digital media" and the behavior of students' "learning style" responses and what digital learning media should be. Concerning what is embedded in digital media that can result in different reactions from one another, digital learning media should be made by considering the behavioral reactions of students' "learning style" responses. Applying various digital media such as online platforms or applications in learning should directly affect different learning styles in education. Learning variations should also be offered when the learning media is created and used. © 2023 by the authors.

Covid-19: Impacts on Medical Students' Mental Health in Medical Education Center of Chaophya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital

Background. Thailand has experienced a repeated pandemic of COVID-19, which placed overwhelming demands on health care services. Medical students are affected by the pandemics of COVID-19, and adjustments are needed to produce medical providers for health care services as planned. Medical students have experienced consequences, especially on their mental health, due to a fear of COVID-19 infection adjustments to new learning styles. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students in our hospital. We used an online platform to assess knowledge, sources of information and evaluate anxiety levels using the generalized anxiety disorder 7 (GAD-7) scale. Results. Thirty-seven patients (20 women (54.1%), mean age 22.9 years) were included. The majority of students demonstrated average levels of knowledge and utilized reliable sources of information. 51.35% of students reported anxiety levels ranging from mild to severe, with sixth-year medical students whom on-site study reporting higher anxiety than the fourth and fifth-year medical students whom hybrid study (online and On-site study) (OR=5.9, P=0.02). Conclusion. This study provides essential information in our hospital on the initial response and anxiety levels in medical students during a clinical rotation in the COVID-19 pandemic. In the COVID-19 pandemic or any other public health emergencies, we need to provide clinical knowledge support and psychological support for our medical students. Essential knowledge and prompt screening and response for anxiety and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic are necessary for the medical student.

The Association between Learning Styles, Time Management Skills and Pharmacology Academic Performance among First Year Medical Students in Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Introduction: The scientific understanding gained from pharmacology investigations is used to support a wide range of medical therapies. As a result, pharmacology is essential in medicine. As a result of the coronavirus epidemic, several colleges throughout the world have resorted to online pharmacology learning, which has an indirect impact on student academic progress. Aside from learning styles, a student's time management abilities are another essential aspect that affects their academic success. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that employed a questionnaire to assess first-year medical students from Universiti Putra Malaysia's Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences' learning style and time management skills. A series of pharmacological questions involving short answer questions was also given to the students to assess their pharmacology performance. Results: There was a significant weak negative correlation between superficial learning style and pharmacology performance (r=-0.272, p<.05). There was also a significant weak correlation between deep learning style and long range planning (r=0.256, p<.05) and including short range planning (r=0.263, p<0.5). Lastly, significant weak negative correlation on pharmacology performance and long range planning was seen (r=0.256, p<.05). However, there was no significant correlation between time management and pharmacology performance. Conclusion: Students that use a superficial learning style struggle in school, yet deep learning styles in both short and long term planning do not always increase pharmacology performance. A good time management skills does not guarantee a good pharmacology performance either. Other relevant factors, like as socio-demographic characteristics, that may contribute to this outcome, particularly during this epidemic, should be investigated further. © 2022 UPM Press. All rights reserved.

The Association between Learning Style, Social Demographic Background, and Pharmacology Assessment Result Amongst First Year Medical Students in Universiti Putra Malaysia during Covid-19 Pandemic

Introduction: A variety of medical treatments are based on the scientific understanding gathered from pharmacology studies. Thus, pharmacology is crucial in medicine. Many universities around the world have resorted to online learning of pharmacology as a result of the unique coronavirus epidemic, which has an indirect impact on the student's academic achievement. Apart from learning styles, the socio-demographic background of a student, which includes the student's family income, parental educational level, and residential area, is another important factor that influences pharmacology academic achievement. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving first-year medical students at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia which used a questionnaire regarding the socio-demographic background and learning style. In addition, the pupils were given a set of pharmacological questions to assess their academic performance. Results: Findings revealed that the family income had a considerable impact on medical students' academic performance with a significant value for the Chi-Square at p = 0.013. The pupils' learning styles had no discernible impact on their academic success with an insignificant Fisher's exact test value at p = 0.822. Conclusion: Lower-income students (those with parental income below the median) were significantly more likely to have poorer academic outcomes than their higher-income peers. Our findings imply that policymakers can prevent COVID-19 from worsening existing achievement gaps in higher education by focusing on resolving the economic and health burden imposed by COVID-19. © 2022 UPM Press. All rights reserved.

Student's Motivation, Learning Style and Performance during Study from Home

Indonesia's government and some schools, from primary education to higher educational institutions, use online learning or study from home (SFH) to prevent the spread of the corona-19 virus. The study aims to describe the role of motivation and learning style in students performing during Covid-19 pandemic. This study is applied research that focuses on teaching style and motivation to give some alternative solutions on learning methods to accountancies students who do online learning at home. The results of this research show that some participants get weary because of no motivation and learning style due to obstacles at home. Those obstacles are internet network, a less conducive atmosphere to study, learning style change, and less interaction between students and college teachers. In conclusion, future research is expected to explore more deeply other factors related to the condition of SFH and their influence on the level of motivation and student learning styles. © 2022 Alimbudiono et al.

Cognitive Learning Style Detection in e-Learning Environments using Artificial Neural Network

COVID-19 pandemic has impacted all aspects of our lives including learning. With the particular growth of e-learning, teaching approaches are being implemented at a distance on online platforms due to this pandemic. In this context, to make student involved throughout the online course, it is recommended to create an efficient platform similar to the traditional learning mode. In this study, we aims to improve learning style detection process by exploring additional such as cognitive traits. In fact, we have proposed novel approach based on Artificial neural network that classify students according to their level of cognitive learning styles in real-time. The proposed automated approach will certainly provide tutors with exhaustive information that helps them in achieving an improved and innovative online learning method. The results obtained are quite interesting and demonstrate the relevance of our solution. © 2022, International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Seeking racial equity in hematology and oncology: A fellow-led educational series to promote reflection and action

Background: With the murder of George Floyd and health disparities laid bare by the COVID pandemic, the US is reckoning with racial injustice. Across medicine and oncology, institutions are grappling with how to address systemic racism and improve care for patients of color. At the University of North Carolina (UNC), trainees developed an educational curriculum to raise awareness of implicit bias and introduce methods to address racial inequities. We present our findings on feasibility and acceptability of a fellow-led course on racism in medicine at a major academic medical center. Methods: UNC oncology fellows adapted a curriculum on implicit bias and racism in medicine in spring 2021. Our aims were 1) to improve knowledge and awareness about implicit bias and systemic racism and 2) introduce methods to address racial inequities. We used lived experiences and collated materials from scientific literature and lay media to illustrate key points. Sessions were: 1) Introduction and Implicit Bias, 2) Implicit Bias in Action: A Case Study, 3) Race-Based Metrics: Journal Club, 4) Career Perspective on Equity in Oncology. Videos, journal articles, and group discussion were employed to appeal to many learning styles. Results: Four sessions were held virtually for the Divisions of Oncology and Hematology. Attendance ranged from 28 to 35 per session. A post curriculum survey assessed perception of racial inequality in medicine and the series' effects using a Likert scale. Twenty-nine participants completed the survey, 12 of whom were fellows. Of all participants, 71% reported that the course improved knowledge or awareness of racial inequities “some” or “a great deal” and 61% reported that it improved their comfort level addressing racial inequities “some” or “a great deal.” All participants endorsed at least “some” racial inequity in medicine. Notably, over 75% of participants indicated interest in further sessions. Conclusions: Formulation of an educational curriculum by fellows and delivered in a division wide setting was feasible and well received by participants with robust discussion and interest in further work. Fundamental to this series' effectiveness was creating a space for discussion and reflection among colleagues. The goals of improving knowledge and introducing methods to address racial inequities were met. Importantly, our course was integrated alongside institutional efforts on DEI. We were limited by a lack of pre-course survey results due to a technical error. Given the current groundswell of interest and focus in improving racial equity in our society, we encourage other institutions to take similar steps to highlight issues of systemic racism and continue to move our field in the right direction.

1 Lecturer 1 Android Apps: Boosting Lecturer’s Technology Management for Teaching and Learning during and Post-Pandemic Covid-19 Situation

The aim of this writing is to boost the lecturer’s technology management in delivering the lecture, disseminating research and serving community service. There are two main reasons, first the use of gadget is increasing massively and second the need of teaching and learning during and post-pandemic covid-19 is in touchable world. These emerge the lecturer to have own android apps to be accessed by the students anytime anywhere they need. It can contain the lecturer’s official video of lecture, research and community service. This writing describes the features of lecturer’s apps from the profile, the subjects taught;including the lesson plan, the video, the frequently asked questions, discussion forum, and exercises until the open access references. Besides telling the research interest of the, it also describes the community service for the society. There are at least three benefits having one lecturer one android apps, namely 1. It helps the students to access the lecture anytime and anywhere;2. The customized videos can be adapted to student’s own learning style;3. All provided sources won’t be bothered by holidays or any other activities. In conclusion, having one lecturer one android apps helps the students to study during and post-pandemic covid-19 situation.

Teachers' Strategies to Deal on Students' Learning Preferences in Blended Learning

COVID-The influenza pandemic of 1918 has altered the learning and teaching process to remote learning. This circumstance has forced instructors, as suggested by experts, to include learning styles into lesson preparation in order to assist pupils. This research intends to investigate how EFL instructors adapt students' learning styles in distance education to assist students grasp and acquire language, as well as the problems teachers face in doing so. It adopted a qualitative phenomenological approach to collect data via interviews and observation. The research indicated that EFL instructors utilized a variety of online platforms, created/adjusted resources, and administered a variety of evaluation forms to meet the learning patterns of distance learners. However, it proved unable to accommodate all learning styles in the classroom due to connection/technical issues, instructors' workload, the large number of students, and students' lack of enthusiasm. It may be inferred that adjusting students' learning styles in online education is more difficult than in traditional classrooms. The study's findings provide a good reference for evaluating the methods of adapting students' learning styles in distant education.

Self-directed learning skills of undergraduate nursing students

Self-directed learning (SDL) is a method of instruction used in pedagogy education, mainly in tertiary education or higher education centres. Self-directed learning is the amount of responsibility one accepts for their learning. During the Covid-19 pandemic, with the shift to online teaching and learning, the importance of self-directed learning skills became more significant. The study's purpose was to determine the self-directed learning skills of nursing students in a private health care university in Malaysia. This study used a cross-sectional descriptive design. Data was collected using the Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale (SDLRS) developed by Fisher et al. with 41 items under three constructs, namely self-management, desire for learning and self-control. A total of 150 nursing students responded to this online survey using google forms. Data were analysed by descriptive methods and ANOVA using the SPSS version 25. The majority of the respondents were females (92%) Malays (82%) from the Diploma in nursing programme (91%) with a Mean age of 21.5 years (SD=2.2). The results revealed that 56.4% of the students have high self-directed learnings skills, 46.3% moderate, and 1.3% had low self-directed learning skills. The high level of self-directed learning skills among nursing students and web-based learning can positively impact their overall academic performance. Innovative instructional strategies can encourage nursing students to be self-directed learners.